The standard annual fee for investment management services is 1.0% of total assets under management, but this may be negotiated 0.5% higher or lower based on the client's needs and circumstances. Fees are billed in advance on a quarterly basis. Financial planning services are only available to investment management clients and are provided at no additional cost. A minimum of $250,000 of investable assets is generally required to establish an advisory services relationship, but this may be waived at the firm's discretion.