Investment advisory fees are based on a percentage of assets under management and/or advisement, and can range up to 2.50% per year. Financial planning fees can be charged on a fixed fee basis (up to $20,000), hourly rate basis (up to $1,000 per hour), or as a percentage per annum (up to 0.25%). All fee arrangements are negotiable. Clients receiving both financial planning and investment advisory services may be subject to an extra fee.