You will pay a quarterly investment management fee in advance, not exceeding 2% annually, based on factors like services offered, complexity, and asset level. Fees are negotiable and vary among clients. The fee can be a fixed percentage, tiered breakpoint, linear breakpoint, or flat dollar amount (flat dollar is no longer offered for new purchases). Clients may also incur third-party fees and expenses, separate from our advisory fees. For fee-based annuities, Advisor Management Fees will not exceed an amount equal to an annual rate of 1.5% when the fee is deducted directly from the fee-based annuity. For fee-based 529 accounts, Advisor Management Fees will not exceed an amount equal to an annual rate of 1.00%.